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Why has the price of chocolate become so volatile?

Dr. Tonya Lander, Stipendiary Lecturer at Christ Church and researcher at the Oxford Martin School Program on the Future of Food, explains the diverse factors that impact the price of chocolate, and what measures could help improve the long-term resilience and stability of this

Measuring radio leaks from 36,000 kilometers up

Radio astronomy has a pollution problem. Satellites thousands of kilometers overhead, designed to broadcast communications or relay data, are increasingly contaminating the frequencies astronomers use to study the universe. While much attention has focused on SpaceX's Starlink

Why consciousness exists at all

Consciousness evolved in stages, starting with basic survival responses like pain and alarm, then expanding into focused awareness and self-reflection. These layers help organisms avoid danger, learn from the environment, and coordinate socially. Surprisingly, birds show many